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Hello,

I'm looking for the easiest way to convert my Arduino-based projects to IoT-based. I have used an Arduino controller in many of my projects such as a Bluetooth car, robotic arm, weather monitoring system, and Bluetooth-based wireless notice board. Do you have any suggestions for converting these projects to IoT-based? Also, could you suggest the components needed to make them IoT-based?

In Arduino uno/mega/nano don't have inbuilt WiFi or internet capabilities so you have to interface ESP8266 wifi module with it. Also, you can use nodemcu as controller (with wifi) to replace arduino.
You can easily connect this to the Internet and use IoT protocols such as HTTP or MQTT.

To convert any Arduino-based project into an IoT project, you primarily need an ESP32 or ESP8266 module because these devices integrate both Bluetooth and Wi-Fi capabilities. The ESP32 is especially advantageous due to its faster processing capabilities compared to Arduino boards.

Components Needed:
ESP32 or ESP8266 Module: Provides both Bluetooth and Wi-Fi connectivity.
Software Required:
The required software is Blynk, which facilitates easy setup and control of IoT projects with ESP32 or ESP8266 modules.

The installation process is straightforward:

Write code for the ESP32. If you're familiar with coding, that's great; if not, simply copy your Arduino code and paste it into ChatGPT. Ask it to convert the code for ESP32, specifying you want to control it using Blynk software. ChatGPT will generate the code, explain the connections, and guide you through the Blynk setup. If not mentioned automatically, ask ChatGPT for pin connection and Blynk setup instructions.

Reference YouTube videos:

Weather Monitoring System with ESP32: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N38VBr4i0tI
Water tank level monitoring: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iuxl0k4lnqA
IoT Smart Electricity Energy Meter: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H6wmBGExMJg

As as others have already suggested the proper ways, if you are looking for the "easiest" (no coding, yaml file config) you should install esphome on to an esp based board and move your sensors/stuff over to it. You could configure it to run standalone(with its built-in web server component) or pair it with something like homeassistant (need to run it somewhere). If you absolutely want to stick with arduino, esphome has a way to extend its capabilities over to arduino boards. Documented here: https://esphome.io/cookbook/arduino_port_extender.html