How to Control Stepper Motor Speed with Arduino?

[Priyanka Dixit]

Hello everyone,

I’m working on a project that involves controlling a stepper motor using an Arduino, and I’m looking for some advice on how to adjust the speed of the motor.

I have an Arduino Uno, a stepper motor Nema 23 and Nema17, and an TB6560 and TB6600 driver. I am trying to get the motor to rotate, but I’m struggling to control the speed effectively. I need the information for,

1. What is the best method to control the speed of a stepper motor using Arduino?
2. Are there any libraries or code examples that you recommend for controlling speed?
3. How do I calculate the delay between steps to achieve a specific speed?
4. Are there any common issues or pitfalls I should be aware of when adjusting the speed?
5. Any tips, code snippets, or resources would be greatly appreciated!
6. Is there any other way to control the speed without arduino?

Thanks in advance for your help!

[pxvn]

Step Angle: The minimum movement that the motor can make.

Steps per Revolution: Number of steps to make a complete rotation.

Controlling Speed using Arduino
* Basic Approach:
* Impose a delay between steps.
* The shorter the delay, the faster the speed; the longer the delay, the slower the speed.

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Using Libraries:

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AccelStepper: En weit support for acceleration und deceleration.
Stepper.h: Much simpler library if you need more basic control.

Calculating Delay
Delay formula:

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Delay = (60 * 60) / (SPR * Speed)

Speed is in RPM.
Delay is in milliseconds.
Example for 1.8° step angle motor, 200 steps/rev: 100 RPM, Delay = 18.

Sample Code [Simple Approach]

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#include <Stepper.h>

const int stepsPerRevolution = 200; 
const int motorPin1 = 2; 
const int motorPin2 = 3; 
const int motorPin3 = 4; 
const int motorPin4 = 5; 

Stepper stepper(stepsPerRevolution, motorPin1, motorPin2, motorPin3, motorPin4); 

void setup() { 
  stepper.setSpeed(100);      // set the speed to 100 RPM 
} 

void loop() { 
  stepper.step(1);          // step one revolution  
  delay(1000);              // delay for 1 second 
}

Hints and Considerations
* Microstepping: Divide a step into smaller increments for smoother motion.
* Acceleration/Deceleration: Avoid sudden changes in speed to prevent vibrations.
* Overheating: Monitor the temperature of the motor and cool it adequately.
* Vibration: Spring dampers or isolators reduce the vibrating of the motor.
* Driver Selection: The driver must support the current and voltage ratings of the motor.

More info
AccelStepper library documentation: https://github.com/swissbyte/AccelStepper
Stepper.h library documentation: https://github.com/arduino-libraries/Stepper
Arduino tutorials site: https://docs.arduino.cc/tutorials/ether ... web-server

To effectively control your stepper motor's speed with Arduino, follow these instructions and play around with the different parameters.

https://www.numerade.com/ask/question/h ... -ma-45525/